USES OF SELF-HYPNOSIS
(1) Promote Relaxation, Concentration and Self-confidence.
(2) Realize Potential and Enhance Creativity.
(3) Enhancing Learning Potential.
(4) Improving performance in Sports and Arts.
(5) Solve problems and make decisions.
(6) Help overcome bad habits like smoking, chewing tobacco and drinking alcohol.
(7) Cures psychologically based symptoms like Hypertension, Bronchial Asthma, Tinnitus and Skin Diseases - Warts, Acne, Psoriasis.
(8) Alleviate distressing symptoms like Incessant Vomiting
and Insomnia.
(9) Help Cancer therapy and keeps up morale in patients.
(10) Management of Anxiety, Tension and Stress.
(11) Control of Allergy, Psychogenic Dyspnoea, Obesity and Phobias.
(12) Control of Pain – acute and chronic ; Remove fear of Dental & Surgical Operation and Childbirth.
(13) Aid to the practice of Yoga, Meditation etc.
HYPNOSIS ~ tid bits
Moderators: eye_of_tiger, shalimar123
USE OF HYPNOSIS IN PSYCHOSOMATIC DISEASES:
1. Control of pain – headache, back pain, cancer pain etc.
2. Curing psychosomatic diseases – peptic ulcer, bronchial asthama, high blood pressure, rheumatoid arthritis, irritative colon, cardiac arrhythmia, migraine, psoriasis etc.
3. Hypnosis is an anaesthetic – surgery, painless childbirth, dentistry, burn, and orthopedic manipulations and appliances.
4. Neurological disorders – psycogenic seizures, epilepsy, blepharospasm, tic, spasmodic torticollis, Parkinson’s disease etc.
5. Hysterical – blindness, asphonia, and paraplegia. Neurotic and obesessional depression.
6. Bed-wetting, nail biting, stammering, reading disabilities, learning block and behavioral problems.
7. Treatment of emotional and psychosexual problems. Dysmenorrhoea, hyperemesis gravidarum.
8. Valuable research tool in studies of human behavior, conditioning, and learning processes.
1. Control of pain – headache, back pain, cancer pain etc.
2. Curing psychosomatic diseases – peptic ulcer, bronchial asthama, high blood pressure, rheumatoid arthritis, irritative colon, cardiac arrhythmia, migraine, psoriasis etc.
3. Hypnosis is an anaesthetic – surgery, painless childbirth, dentistry, burn, and orthopedic manipulations and appliances.
4. Neurological disorders – psycogenic seizures, epilepsy, blepharospasm, tic, spasmodic torticollis, Parkinson’s disease etc.
5. Hysterical – blindness, asphonia, and paraplegia. Neurotic and obesessional depression.
6. Bed-wetting, nail biting, stammering, reading disabilities, learning block and behavioral problems.
7. Treatment of emotional and psychosexual problems. Dysmenorrhoea, hyperemesis gravidarum.
8. Valuable research tool in studies of human behavior, conditioning, and learning processes.
USE OF HYPNOSIS IN DAILY LIFE:
1. Self-exploration to gain insight, problem solving.
2. Physical relaxation, mental calmness.
3. Increased self-confidence and creativity.
4. Anxiety. phobia and stress management.
5. Combat psychosexual and other emotional problems.
6. Increased performance in arts, music, sports, education, business and so on.
7. Control pain, obesity, addiction (alcohol, cigarette, drugs, bad habits)
8. Cures psychologically based symptom e.g. high blood pressure, tinnitus, bronchial asthama and skin diseases like warts, acne, and psoriasis.
9. Remove fear of dental and surgical operations.
10. Aid to practice of other altered states of consciousness like yoga, meditation etc.
1. Self-exploration to gain insight, problem solving.
2. Physical relaxation, mental calmness.
3. Increased self-confidence and creativity.
4. Anxiety. phobia and stress management.
5. Combat psychosexual and other emotional problems.
6. Increased performance in arts, music, sports, education, business and so on.
7. Control pain, obesity, addiction (alcohol, cigarette, drugs, bad habits)
8. Cures psychologically based symptom e.g. high blood pressure, tinnitus, bronchial asthama and skin diseases like warts, acne, and psoriasis.
9. Remove fear of dental and surgical operations.
10. Aid to practice of other altered states of consciousness like yoga, meditation etc.
Self hypnosis
For some schools of hypnotherapy and in some self hypnosis methods we have important infomation:
bullet
Self hypnosis is an "altered state" of consciousness.
You can produce an "altered state" of consciousness when you process information in some way (i.e. using in a special way your representational system).
Self Hypnosis is a state of focused attention.
In Self hypnosis you turn your attention away from external experience and directing it internally (as in meditation...).
For some schools is important to trust your unconscious mind.
For some schools the conscious mind is not necessary for change.
For some schools of hypnotherapy and in some self hypnosis methods we have important infomation:
bullet
Self hypnosis is an "altered state" of consciousness.
You can produce an "altered state" of consciousness when you process information in some way (i.e. using in a special way your representational system).
Self Hypnosis is a state of focused attention.
In Self hypnosis you turn your attention away from external experience and directing it internally (as in meditation...).
For some schools is important to trust your unconscious mind.
For some schools the conscious mind is not necessary for change.
Hypnosis May Be A Helpful Asthma Therapy
NEW YORK, Apr 21 (Reuters Health) -- Hypnosis may be helpful in the treatment of asthma symptoms, particularly in children, according to a report published recently in the Journal of Asthma.
Dr. M. Eric Gershwin and colleagues from the University of California at Davis, note that "relatively little attention has been given recently to the use of clinical hypnosis as a standard treatment for asthma."
Relaxation-oriented, self-administered, hypnotic-style therapy seems to have positive effects in children with asthma, Gershwin's group writes. And some studies of this approach have shown reductions in symptom severity and in emergency room visits.
The most consistent finding across hypnosis studies in general "is that patients frequently report improvements in subjective measures of asthma," Gershwin and colleagues write.
But the authors call for more scientifically conducted studies. They stress that despite "significant data" that suggest hypnosis may be an effective treatment for asthma, "it is premature" to draw this conclusion.
SOURCE: Journal of Asthma 2000;37:1-15.
NEW YORK, Apr 21 (Reuters Health) -- Hypnosis may be helpful in the treatment of asthma symptoms, particularly in children, according to a report published recently in the Journal of Asthma.
Dr. M. Eric Gershwin and colleagues from the University of California at Davis, note that "relatively little attention has been given recently to the use of clinical hypnosis as a standard treatment for asthma."
Relaxation-oriented, self-administered, hypnotic-style therapy seems to have positive effects in children with asthma, Gershwin's group writes. And some studies of this approach have shown reductions in symptom severity and in emergency room visits.
The most consistent finding across hypnosis studies in general "is that patients frequently report improvements in subjective measures of asthma," Gershwin and colleagues write.
But the authors call for more scientifically conducted studies. They stress that despite "significant data" that suggest hypnosis may be an effective treatment for asthma, "it is premature" to draw this conclusion.
SOURCE: Journal of Asthma 2000;37:1-15.
ALL HYPNOSIS IS SELF HYPNOSIS
Despite the entertaining showmanship of certain stage hypnotists, the reality is that all hypnosis is self hypnosis. There is no other kind. I was certified in 1989, by the organisation which was then the British Council of Hypnotist Examiners as a master of the subject. The only person I can hypnotise is me.
What I do for anyone else is to guide a person - who has to choose to be guided by me - into a pleasant, dreamy, deep self hypnotic state.
Despite the entertaining showmanship of certain stage hypnotists, the reality is that all hypnosis is self hypnosis. There is no other kind. I was certified in 1989, by the organisation which was then the British Council of Hypnotist Examiners as a master of the subject. The only person I can hypnotise is me.
What I do for anyone else is to guide a person - who has to choose to be guided by me - into a pleasant, dreamy, deep self hypnotic state.
ROLE OF BRAIN IN HYPNOSIS
The brain can be considered as a protein computer - very much more complex than any built by humans.
The problem is that most of the programming was done while the owner was a young child.
So it is not surprising that the adult can improve on it now!
Also, operators of complex computers are trained, whereas most human brains are used by operators untrained in how to get the excellent results which are perfectly possible.
The brain can be considered as a protein computer - very much more complex than any built by humans.
The problem is that most of the programming was done while the owner was a young child.
So it is not surprising that the adult can improve on it now!
Also, operators of complex computers are trained, whereas most human brains are used by operators untrained in how to get the excellent results which are perfectly possible.
Posthypnotic Amnesia
Upon termination of hypnosis, some subjects find themselves unable to remember the events and experiences which transpired while they were hypnotized.
This posthypnotic amnesia does not occur unless it has been specifically suggested to the subject, and the memories are not restored when hypnosis is reinduced; thus it is not a form of state-dependent memory.
However, it is temporary: upon administration of a pre-arranged cue, the amnesia is reversed and the formerly amnesic subject is able to remember the events perfectly well.
Reversibility marks posthypnotic amnesia as a disruption of memory retrieval, as opposed to encoding or storage, somewhat like the temporary retrograde amnesias observed in individuals who have suffered concussive blows to the head.
The difference, of course, is that posthypnotic amnesia is a functional amnesia -- an abnormal amount of forgetting which is attributable to psychological factors rather than to brain insult, injury, or disease (Schacter & Kihlstrom, 1989).
In fact, posthypnotic amnesia has long been considered to be a laboratory model of the functional amnesias associated with hysteria and dissociation (Kihlstrom, 1979).
Upon termination of hypnosis, some subjects find themselves unable to remember the events and experiences which transpired while they were hypnotized.
This posthypnotic amnesia does not occur unless it has been specifically suggested to the subject, and the memories are not restored when hypnosis is reinduced; thus it is not a form of state-dependent memory.
However, it is temporary: upon administration of a pre-arranged cue, the amnesia is reversed and the formerly amnesic subject is able to remember the events perfectly well.
Reversibility marks posthypnotic amnesia as a disruption of memory retrieval, as opposed to encoding or storage, somewhat like the temporary retrograde amnesias observed in individuals who have suffered concussive blows to the head.
The difference, of course, is that posthypnotic amnesia is a functional amnesia -- an abnormal amount of forgetting which is attributable to psychological factors rather than to brain insult, injury, or disease (Schacter & Kihlstrom, 1989).
In fact, posthypnotic amnesia has long been considered to be a laboratory model of the functional amnesias associated with hysteria and dissociation (Kihlstrom, 1979).
Hypnotic Agnosia
Posthypnotic amnesia is best construed as a disruption in episodic memory -- that is, in the subject's ability to remember certain events and experiences. However, it should be noted that there is some evidence that hypnotic suggestion can produce impairments in semantic memory as well -- that is, in the subject's ability to access generic, context-free, knowledge about the world. For example, Evans (1972) administered suggestions that the digit 6 would disappear from his subjects' number systems. When asked to count from 1 to 10, many subjects skipped lightly over the number 6, and had enormous difficulty when asked to perform additions in which the offending digit appeared in the problem, intermediate step, or solution. Similarly, Spanos, Radtke, and Dubreuil (1982) taught subjects a list of words, and then suggested that following hypnosis they would be unable to think of them in any way. In contrast to subjects who received an amnesia suggestion, who displayed the priming effect observed by Kihlstrom (1980, Experiment 1), these subjects showed no priming -- although they remained able to use the list items as responses in a free-association test. Both experiments hint at a kind of agnosia suggested by hypnosis -- that is, a difficulty in accessing generic, context-free, semantic or conceptual knowledge. Unfortunately, to date there has been no experimental followup of either observation.
Posthypnotic amnesia is best construed as a disruption in episodic memory -- that is, in the subject's ability to remember certain events and experiences. However, it should be noted that there is some evidence that hypnotic suggestion can produce impairments in semantic memory as well -- that is, in the subject's ability to access generic, context-free, knowledge about the world. For example, Evans (1972) administered suggestions that the digit 6 would disappear from his subjects' number systems. When asked to count from 1 to 10, many subjects skipped lightly over the number 6, and had enormous difficulty when asked to perform additions in which the offending digit appeared in the problem, intermediate step, or solution. Similarly, Spanos, Radtke, and Dubreuil (1982) taught subjects a list of words, and then suggested that following hypnosis they would be unable to think of them in any way. In contrast to subjects who received an amnesia suggestion, who displayed the priming effect observed by Kihlstrom (1980, Experiment 1), these subjects showed no priming -- although they remained able to use the list items as responses in a free-association test. Both experiments hint at a kind of agnosia suggested by hypnosis -- that is, a difficulty in accessing generic, context-free, semantic or conceptual knowledge. Unfortunately, to date there has been no experimental followup of either observation.
Hypnotic Age Regression
The centrality to hypnosis of believed-in imaginings is dramatically revealed in another phenomenon relevant to memory, that of age regression. In this phenomenon, it is suggested to subjects that they are turning back the calendar, and will relive an experience from some time and place in the past. The result can be a subjectively compelling return to childhood, as well as an objectively compelling display of childlike behavior. But again, we have to distinguish between the imaginative experience constructed by hypnotic suggestion and the real thing: age-regressed subjects may genuinely believe that they are children again, and may behave in a childlike manner, but they do not grow smaller in the chair. For a long time there has been interest in what is happening psychologically to adults who have been regressed to childhood: to what extent do they return to mental states characteristic of childhood -- or, as Nash (1987, p. 42) put it, "What, if anything, is regressed about hypnotic age regression?".
The centrality to hypnosis of believed-in imaginings is dramatically revealed in another phenomenon relevant to memory, that of age regression. In this phenomenon, it is suggested to subjects that they are turning back the calendar, and will relive an experience from some time and place in the past. The result can be a subjectively compelling return to childhood, as well as an objectively compelling display of childlike behavior. But again, we have to distinguish between the imaginative experience constructed by hypnotic suggestion and the real thing: age-regressed subjects may genuinely believe that they are children again, and may behave in a childlike manner, but they do not grow smaller in the chair. For a long time there has been interest in what is happening psychologically to adults who have been regressed to childhood: to what extent do they return to mental states characteristic of childhood -- or, as Nash (1987, p. 42) put it, "What, if anything, is regressed about hypnotic age regression?".
Forensic Hypnosis
Some proponents of hypnosis have criticized studies of the sort described here on the grounds that they test memories which are devoid of affect and personal meaning in the sterile confines of the experimental laboratory, and asserted that different results would be obtained with more lifelike materials and settings. However, this claim rests on an evidentiary base which is almost entirely anecdotal. For example, Reiser (1976), who has actively promoted the use of hypnosis by the Los Angeles Police Department, found only that investigators who have used hypnosis have generally found it to be helpful. However, such testimonials are not supported by empirical evidence that, for example, hypnosis produces more valid than false recollection.
Timm (1981) staged a mock organized-crime execution in front of an introductory criminal justice class (after first insuring that none of the police officers taking the course were actually carrying their service weapons!). After the incident, Timm informed the subjects about the ruse, and invited them to participate in an experiment on eyewitness memory. One group of subjects received a standard forensic hypnosis interview involving the induction of hypnosis, age regression to the time of the episode, and visualization; another group received the same interview without hypnosis; and a third group was interviewed without any suggestive procedures at all. The results were clear: although the interview technique produced an increase in correct responses compared to the controls, chiefly by reducing the incidence of response omissions, hypnosis added nothing to the outcome.
Some proponents of hypnosis have criticized studies of the sort described here on the grounds that they test memories which are devoid of affect and personal meaning in the sterile confines of the experimental laboratory, and asserted that different results would be obtained with more lifelike materials and settings. However, this claim rests on an evidentiary base which is almost entirely anecdotal. For example, Reiser (1976), who has actively promoted the use of hypnosis by the Los Angeles Police Department, found only that investigators who have used hypnosis have generally found it to be helpful. However, such testimonials are not supported by empirical evidence that, for example, hypnosis produces more valid than false recollection.
Timm (1981) staged a mock organized-crime execution in front of an introductory criminal justice class (after first insuring that none of the police officers taking the course were actually carrying their service weapons!). After the incident, Timm informed the subjects about the ruse, and invited them to participate in an experiment on eyewitness memory. One group of subjects received a standard forensic hypnosis interview involving the induction of hypnosis, age regression to the time of the episode, and visualization; another group received the same interview without hypnosis; and a third group was interviewed without any suggestive procedures at all. The results were clear: although the interview technique produced an increase in correct responses compared to the controls, chiefly by reducing the incidence of response omissions, hypnosis added nothing to the outcome.
Hypnosis in Recovered Memory Therapy
Still, some clinical practitioners refuse to accept the conclusions of laboratory research. Over 100 years ago, Sigmund Freud used hypnosis to elicit memories of childhood trauma from their hysterical patients -- a practice that has been revived today among some proponents of what has come to be called recovered memory therapy for victims of incest, sexual abuse, or other forms of trauma (hypnosis has also been used clinically to recover memories of prenatal experiences and of alien abductions). This is not the place to go into the assets and liabilities of recovered memory therapy, or the trauma-memory argument on which it is based -- except to point out that these contemporary clinical practitioners, like their 19th-century Viennese forebears, rarely are able to obtain independent, objective corroboration of their patients= reports (or, for that matter, rarely even bother to seek it), and to point out that uncorroborated memory reports are useless as scientific or clinical evidence about the historical past. In the absence of objective corroboration from a representative series of cases, the use of hypnosis in recovered memory therapy lacks any scientific basis (Erdelyi, 1994; Kihlstrom, 1994a).
Still, some clinical practitioners refuse to accept the conclusions of laboratory research. Over 100 years ago, Sigmund Freud used hypnosis to elicit memories of childhood trauma from their hysterical patients -- a practice that has been revived today among some proponents of what has come to be called recovered memory therapy for victims of incest, sexual abuse, or other forms of trauma (hypnosis has also been used clinically to recover memories of prenatal experiences and of alien abductions). This is not the place to go into the assets and liabilities of recovered memory therapy, or the trauma-memory argument on which it is based -- except to point out that these contemporary clinical practitioners, like their 19th-century Viennese forebears, rarely are able to obtain independent, objective corroboration of their patients= reports (or, for that matter, rarely even bother to seek it), and to point out that uncorroborated memory reports are useless as scientific or clinical evidence about the historical past. In the absence of objective corroboration from a representative series of cases, the use of hypnosis in recovered memory therapy lacks any scientific basis (Erdelyi, 1994; Kihlstrom, 1994a).
What Hypnosis Can and Cannot Do to Memory
Although hypnosis appears to be incapable of enhancing memory, hypnotic procedures can impair memory in at least two different ways. First, by means of suggestions for posthypnotic amnesia, hypnosis can impair explicit memory for the events and experiences that transpired during hypnosis -- although, as with many other forms of amnesia, it appears to spare implicit memory. The mechanism for this amnesia appears to be a division of consciousness, such that the subject is unaware of events that would otherwise be memorable. Interestingly, hypnosis appears incapable of expanding awareness, so as to enable subjects to remember things that would otherwise remain forgotten. However, the social context of hypnosis, including widely shared (though false) beliefs about its capacity for memory enhancement (with or without age regression), and the suggestive context in which hypnosis occurs in the first place, renders the hypnotized subject vulnerable to various kinds of distortions in memory. Because the risks of distortion vastly outweigh the chances of obtaining any useful information, forensic investigators and clinical practitioners should avoid hypnosis as a technique for enhancing recollection.
Although hypnosis appears to be incapable of enhancing memory, hypnotic procedures can impair memory in at least two different ways. First, by means of suggestions for posthypnotic amnesia, hypnosis can impair explicit memory for the events and experiences that transpired during hypnosis -- although, as with many other forms of amnesia, it appears to spare implicit memory. The mechanism for this amnesia appears to be a division of consciousness, such that the subject is unaware of events that would otherwise be memorable. Interestingly, hypnosis appears incapable of expanding awareness, so as to enable subjects to remember things that would otherwise remain forgotten. However, the social context of hypnosis, including widely shared (though false) beliefs about its capacity for memory enhancement (with or without age regression), and the suggestive context in which hypnosis occurs in the first place, renders the hypnotized subject vulnerable to various kinds of distortions in memory. Because the risks of distortion vastly outweigh the chances of obtaining any useful information, forensic investigators and clinical practitioners should avoid hypnosis as a technique for enhancing recollection.
Hypnosis And Memory
Hypnotic hypernesia is the unusually vivid and complete recall of information from memory while under hypnosis. The present article reviews the extensive literature on the subject and the longstanding controversy as to whether hypnosis can enhance memory at all.
One fact does seem clear, hypnosis does not help subjects recall nonsense data or information without meaning, such as random numbers and words. When it comes to meaningful phrases, sentences, paragraphs, etc., hypnosis does aid recall to some extent. If the words evoke considerable imagery, as poetry often does, hypnosis seems to help recall even more. Finally, the recall of meaningful visual images and connected series of images is helped most of all by hypnosis. In fact, there is some evidence that eidetic imagery, that vivid, near-total recall of images, which is almost exclusively a talent of childhood, can be recovered by mature subjects under hypnosis. There do not seem to be any theories that explain all these effects of hypnosis on memory.
Hypnotic hypernesia is the unusually vivid and complete recall of information from memory while under hypnosis. The present article reviews the extensive literature on the subject and the longstanding controversy as to whether hypnosis can enhance memory at all.
One fact does seem clear, hypnosis does not help subjects recall nonsense data or information without meaning, such as random numbers and words. When it comes to meaningful phrases, sentences, paragraphs, etc., hypnosis does aid recall to some extent. If the words evoke considerable imagery, as poetry often does, hypnosis seems to help recall even more. Finally, the recall of meaningful visual images and connected series of images is helped most of all by hypnosis. In fact, there is some evidence that eidetic imagery, that vivid, near-total recall of images, which is almost exclusively a talent of childhood, can be recovered by mature subjects under hypnosis. There do not seem to be any theories that explain all these effects of hypnosis on memory.
HYPNOSIS : FAQ
How many sessions will I need ?
This all depends on the problem or change that you want to make.
For stopping smoking it is usually one session lasting about 90 minutes.
For anything else it can range from 1 to 10 sessions.
The hypnotherapist can see two different people who have the same problem.
One person might need two sessions and the other might need four sessions.
The reason for this is that we are all unique and react differently.
How many sessions will I need ?
This all depends on the problem or change that you want to make.
For stopping smoking it is usually one session lasting about 90 minutes.
For anything else it can range from 1 to 10 sessions.
The hypnotherapist can see two different people who have the same problem.
One person might need two sessions and the other might need four sessions.
The reason for this is that we are all unique and react differently.
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